Everything about Periodic Point totally explained
In
mathematics, in the study of
iterated functions and
dynamical systems, a
periodic point of a
function is a point which returns to itself after a certain number of function iterations or a certain amount of time.
Iterated functions
Given an
endomorphism f on a
set X »
a point
x in
X is called
periodic point if there exists an
n so that
»
where
is the
nth
iterate of
f. The smallest positive integer
n satisfying the above is called the
prime period or
least period of the point
x. If every point in
X is a periodic point with the same period
n, then
f is called
periodic function with period
n.
If
f is a
diffeomorphism of a
differentiable manifold, so that the
derivative is defined, then one says that a periodic point is
hyperbolic if
»
and that it's
attractive if
»
and it's
repelling if
»
If the
dimension of the
stable manifold of a periodic point or fixed point is zero, the point is called a
source; if the dimension of its
unstable manifold is zero, it's called a
sink; and if both the stable and unstable manifold have nonzero dimension, it's called a
saddle or
saddle point.
Examples
Dynamical system
Given a
real global dynamical system (
R,
X, Φ) with
X the
phase space and Φ the
evolution function,
»
a point
x in
X is called
periodic with
period t if there exists a
t ≥ 0 so that
»
The smallest positive
t with this property is called
prime period of the point
x.
Properties
Given a periodic point x with period t, then for all s in R
Given a periodic point x then all points on the orbit through x are periodic with the same prime period.Further Information
Get more info on 'Periodic Point'.
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